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In page Phenylketonuria:

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The enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase normally converts the amino acid phenylalanine into the amino acid tyrosine. If this reaction does not occur, phenylalanine accumulates and tyrosine is deficient. Excessive phenylalanine can be metabolized into phenylketones through the minor route, a transaminase pathway with glutamate. Metabolites include phenylacetate, phenylpyruvate and phenethylamine.[1] Elevated levels of phenylalanine in the blood and detection of phenylketones in the urine is diagnostic, however, most patients are diagnosed via newborn screening.[citation needed][2]